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| 1867 Self-Portrait ( detail ) oil on canvas 52.7 x 44 cm |
Ivan Kramskoy (1837 – 1887) was a Russian painter and graphic artist. He was born in 1837 in Ostrogozhsk in south-western Russia. During his childhood Kramskoy independently studied drawing and later began working with watercolour. When he was 16 he worked as a colour-correction artist for a photographer. In 1856 he moved to St. Petersburg and continued to work with photographers. The following year he entered the Arts Academy. During his academy years he gathered the progressive youth around him. He was the head of the protest against painting the pieces ordered by the council.
Kramskoy himself began to mature as a portraitist. He often employed his favourite graphic technique, using sauce, bleach and Italian pencil. Using this method he drew portraits of other artists. His art technique corresponded well with the image of the intellectual democrat, a common character of his paintings such as "Self Portrait" 1869 (see above) and "Portrait of an Agronomist M.E. Vyunnikov 1868.
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| 1868 Portrait of an agronomist M.E. Vyunnikov oil on canvas |
In 1863-1868 Kramskoy taught at the Drawing School of the Artist Encouraging Society. By the end of the decade the St. Petersburg Team lost its unity and social status. Kramskoy left it and became one of the founders of the Peredvizhniki Society (The Comradeship of Moving Arts Exhibitions).
His prevailing success remained in portraiture. In the 1870s-80s he created some of his best works, including a series of portraits of prominent people of the tim such as Leo Tolstoy. During his lifetime Kramskoy also executed many commissions for church paintings and portraits to earn his living. He died in 1887.
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| Russian Stamp from 2012 celebrating 175th anniversary of Kramskoy's birth |
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| Russian Stamp from 2012 celebrating 175th anniversary of Kramskoy's birth |
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| 1861 Prayer of Moses after the Israelites go through the Red Sea oil on canvas 142.6 x 105.7 cm |
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| 1866 Portrait of the Artist Nikolay Andreyevich Koshelev |
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| 1866-69 Sophia Kramskaya Reading oil on canvas 64 x 56 cm |
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| 1867 Portrait of a Woman |
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| 1867 Portrait of Princess Catherine Alekseevny Vasilchikova oil on paper |
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| 1868 The Portrait of a Peasant oil on canvas |
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| 1868 Portrait of artist and photographer Mikhail Borisovich Tulinova |
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| 1869 Portrait of A.P. Bogoliubov |
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| c1870 Path in a Forest oil on canvas 46.7 x 67.3 cm |
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| 1871 Mermaids oil on canvas 88 x 132 cm |
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| 1871 Portrait of the Artist Fyodor Vasilyev oil on canvas 88.3 x 68.3 cm |
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| 1871 Portrait of ( poet and artist ) Taras Shevchenko oil on canvas 84 x 65 cm |
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| 1871 Somnambulant |
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| 1871 Portrait of the Artist Konstantin Savitsky oil on cardboard 42 x 33 cm |
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| 1872 Beekeeper oil on canvas 63 x 49 cm |
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| 1872 Books Got Her oil on canvas |
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| 1872 Christ in the Wilderness oil on canvas 180 x 210 cm |
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| 1872 Portrait of the Artist Arkhip Kuindzhi oil on canvas 35.8 x 28.6 cm |
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| 1872 Old Man with a Crutch oil on canvas 76.5 x 57.5 cm |
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| 1873 Portrait of Leo Tolstoy oil on canvas 98 x 79.5 cm |
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| 1873 Portrait of ( the painter ) Ivan Shishkin oil on canvas 110.5 x 78 cm |
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| 1873 Girl with a Loose Braid oil on canvas 57.2 x 48.9 cm |
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| 1873 The Miller oil on canvas 73.5 x 58 cm |
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| 1874 Forester oil on canvas 84 x 62 cm |
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| 1874 Outraged Jewish Boy oil on canvas |
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| 1874 Portrait of Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov |
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| 1874 Self-Portrait oil on canvas |
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| 1875 Portrait of the Artist Mikhail Dyakonov oil on canvas |
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| 1875 Portrait of the poet Yakov Polonsky oil on canvas |
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| 1875 Portrait of Sofia Nikolaevna and Sophia Ivanovna Archaeology ( Wife and Daughter of the Artist ) oil on canvas |
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| 1876 Portrait of Dmitry Vasilyevich Grigorovich oil on canvas 86 x 68 cm |
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| 1876 Portrait of Pavel Tretyakov oil on canvas 59 x 49 cm |
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| 1876 Portrait of Vera Nikolaevna Tretyakova oil on canvas 226 x 148 cm |
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| 1876 Portrait of sculptor Mark Matveevitch Antokolsky |
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| 1876 Village Yard in France watercolour 24 x 31.5 cm |
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| 1876 Portrait of Vera Nikolaevna Tretyakova oil on canvas 226 x 148 cm |
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| 1877 Portrait of the poet Nikolai Nekrasov oil on canvas 75 x 55 cm |
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| 1878 Portrait of Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov |
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| 1878 Nikolay Nekrasov in the period of his "Last Songs" oil on canvas 105 x 89 cm |
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| 1878 D. I. Mendeleev oil on canvas |
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| 1878 Portrait of the artist Alexander Dmitrievich Litovchenko |
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