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| c1580 Self-Portrait oil on canvas 45 x 35 cm Private Collection |
"Neither clean nor well-dressed, with his collar askew, his hat jammed on any old way and his unkempt beard, Annibale Carracci seemed to be like an ancient philosopher, absent-minded and alone," wrote an early biographer. A tailor's son, Carracci considered himself a craftsman, not a courtier, but the Romans buried him in the Pantheon beside Raphael.
Along with his older brother Agostino and his cousin Lodovico, Annibale founded the Accademia degli Incamminati (Academy of the Progressives) in Bologna, which focused on naturalism and rejected Mannerism. There they revived the practice of working from life, focusing on the craft of art rather than the elegant life of court painters. The Carracci were tireless observers. Scholars credit Annibale with teaching caricature and helping to revive the process of creating extensive preparatory drawings for paintings.
Between 1597 and 1601, Carracci worked on the gallery ceiling of the Palazzo Farnese in Rome, his most important legacy. Conceiving the ceiling as open to the sky, he painted its mythological love scenes as framed easel pictures within an illusionistic framework. After receiving a paltry five hundred lire for this extensive decoration, he suffered a breakdown. A prolific draftsman, Carracci derived his heroic figure style from antique sculpture and Michelangelo and Raphael's art, but he added a richness and buoyancy from his copious studies from life. He originated the "ideal landscape," with figures, buildings, and nature in perfect balance, a nature tamed and ennobled by man's presence.
J.Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles
This is part 1 of a 6-part series on the works of Annibale Carracci:
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| 1550-1600 Portrait of a bearded man in profile oil? on canvas 34 x 27 cm Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna |
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| 1550-1600 Susanna and the Elders etching (size not given) National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia |
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| 1550-1600 Three Peasants black chalk, pen and brown ink on paper 25.4 x 18.4 cm Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, CA © The Norton Simon Foundation |
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| 1560-1609 Donkey laden with packs ink on paper 17.6 x 13.5 cm © The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London |
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| 1560-1609 Hercules and Cacus (attributed to Carracci, after Agostino Carracci) pen and brown ink and watercolour on paper 38.4 x 25 cm © The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London |
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| 1560-1609 Holy Family with Saint Claire etching 24.2 x 18.5 cm (plate) © The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London |
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| 1560-1609 Juno (study for the fresco in the Farnese Palace, Rome) ink on paper 19.5 x 13.4 cm © The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London |
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| 1560-1609 Landscape with figures pen and brown ink, and chalk on paper 19.7 x 30.2 cm © The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London |
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| 1560-1609 Portrait of a man graphite and chalk on paper 25.5 x 19.2 cm © The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London |
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| 1565-85 Portrait of Giacomo Filippo Turrini oil on canvas 88.5 x 66.8 cm Christ Church Picture Gallery, Oxford, UK |
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| 1567-1609 Saint Sebastian tied to a tree (attributed to Carracci) chalk and pen and ink on paper 28.7 x 18.1 cm Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam |
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| 1570-1609 Kneeling Male Saint (attributed to Carracci) pen and brush on paper 10.3 x 3.8 cm Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam |
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| 1570-1609 Landscape (attributed to Carracci) pen and ink on paper 16.8 x 19.8 cm Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam |
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| 1570-1609 Nude study of a seated man (attributed to Carracci) chalk on paper 26.3 x 16.4 cm Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam |
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| 1570-1609 Two winged men (attributed to Carracci) pen and brush and ink 22.5 x 19.2 cm Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam |
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| 1580-85 Young Painter Working pen and brown ink, brown wash 27.1 x 20 cm The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia |
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| c1580-85 Portrait of Doctor Bossi oil on canvas 116 x 89.5 cm Louvre, Paris |
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| c1580-89 Study of a Boy’s Head (attributed to Carracci) red, black and white chalk, on paper toned with light brown wash: framing line in brown ink 13.5 x 11.4 cm Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam |
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| c1580-90 Portrait of an Ecclesiastic wearing a Biretta (attributed to Carracci) red chalk heightened with white 31.6 x 22.4 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC |
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| 1580-1600 Landscape with two seated figures in the foreground ink on paper 26 x 28.8 cm Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam |
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| 1580-1600 The Virgin seated holding a pillow on her lap with the young Christ etching on paper 16.5 x 12.1 cm The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |
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| c1580 A Boy Drinking oil on canvas 75.5 x 64 cm Christ Church, University of Oxford, UK |
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| 1583 Boy Drinking oil on canvas 55.8 x 43.7 cm Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio |
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| early 1580s Self-Portrait pen and brown ink (on paper) 13.5 x 10.8 cm J.Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles |
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| early 1580s The Butcher's Shop oil on canvas 59.7 x 71 cm Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas |
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| early 1580s The Butcher's Shop oil on canvas 190 x 271 cm Christ Church, University of Oxford, UK |
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| 1580s Portrait of an African Woman holding a Clock (attributed to Carracci) oil on canvas 60 x 39.5 cm |
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| 1581 The Crucifixion engraving on laid paper 48.7 x 24.7 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC |
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| 1582 Head of a Woman oil on canvas laid on canvas 42.8 x 29.5 cm J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, CA |
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| 1582 Holy Family with Saints John the Baptist and Michael (After Lorenzo Sabatini) engraving with plate tone 45.4 x 29.5 cm (plate) Philadelphia Museum of Art, PA |
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| 1582-84 A Domestic Scene pen and with brown and grey-black ink, brush with grey and brown wash, over black chalk 32.8 x 23.6 cm The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |
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| c1582-84 Madonna and Child in the Clouds (After Federico Barocci) engraving 24.8 x 17 cm (plate) Philadelphia Museum of Art, PA |
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| 1583 The Crucifixion oil on canvas 305 x 210 cm Santa Maria della Carità, Bologna, Italy |
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| 1583-85 Saint Jerome engraving on laid paper 9.5 x 8.8 cm (sheet) National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC |
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| 1583-85 Studies for a Figure of Saint Francis Kneeling red chalk with white chalk highlights, pen and brown ink 33.6 x 28.8 cm The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |
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| 1583-85 The Dead Christ oil on canvas 70.7 x 88.8 cm Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, Stuttgart |
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| c1583-87 Madonna Nursing the Christ Child etching and engraving 8.8 x 6.5 cm Philadelphia Museum of Art, PA |
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| 1584 The Baptism of Christ oil on canvas 383 x 225 cm San Gregorio, Bologna |
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| 1584-85 The Bean Eater oil on wood panel 57 x 68 cm Palazzo Colonna, Rome |
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| 1585 Portrait of Giacomo Filippo Turrini oil on canvas 88.5 x 66.8 cm Christ Church Picture Gallery, Oxford, UK |
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