Friday, 14 March 2025

Gustave Caillebotte - part 2

Gustave Caillebotte c1878

Gustave Caillebotte was an influential French painter best known for his involvement in the Impressionist movement, though he also notably subscribed to a Realist aesthetic. The more naturalistic hues, neutral tones, and attention to perspectival space in his works set him apart from other Impressionist painters. As an artist familiar with Japanese prints, Caillebotte often mimicked the style of ukiyo-e artists by utilizing a tilted perspective to depict the stretching boulevards and river scenes of Paris, such as in Paris Street, Rainy Day (1877). Born on August 19, 1848 in Paris, France to a wealthy family, the artist went on to study painting first with Léon Joseph Florentine Bonnat and then at the École des Beaux-Arts. After Caillebotte inherited money from his parents, he was able to not only fund his own career but support Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Edgar Degas, Camille Pissaro and other artists by purchasing their work. Caillebotte’s work is in the collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Musée d’Orsay in Paris, the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, and the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, among others. He died on February 21, 1894 in Gennevilliers, France.

For earlier works, and for more biographical information, see part 1 also. 

This is part 2 of a 5-part series on the works od Gustave Caillebotte:

1877 Paris Street: Rainy Day 

This complex intersection, just minutes away from the Saint-Lazare train station, represents in microcosm the changing urban milieu of late nineteenth-century Paris. Gustave Caillebotte grew up near this district when it was a relatively unsettled hill with narrow, crooked streets. As part of a new city plan designed by Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann, these streets were relaid and their buildings razed during the artist’s lifetime. In this monumental urban view, which measures almost seven by ten feet and is considered the artist’s masterpiece.

1877 Paris Street; Rainy Day
oil on canvas 212.2 x 276.2 cm
Art Institute of Chicago, IL

1877 study for Paris Street: Rainy Day
graphite, with touches of erasing and touches of charcoal, on tan paper 30.2 x 46.5 cm
Art Institute of Chicago, IL

1877 Oarsmen rowing on the Yerres
oil on canvas 81 x 116 cm
Private Collection

1877 Monceau Park
oil on canvas 50 x 65 cm

1877 Mademoiselle Boissière Knitting
oil on canvas 65.1 x 80 cm
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, TX

1877 Portrait of Camille Daurelle
pastel on paper 40 x 32 cm
Musée d'Orsay, Paris

1877 Portrait of Camille Daurelle in the park of Yerres
pastel on paper 73 x 60 cm
Musée d'Orsay, Paris

1877 Portrait of A. Cassabois
oil on canvas 80 x 72.3 cm
Private Collection

1877 Portrait de Monsieur R. (Reyre)
oil on canvas 81 x 105 cm
Private Collection

1877 Portrait of Madame Martial Caillebote
(the artist's mother)
oil on canvas (size not given)
Private Collection

1877 Perissoires on the Yerres
oil on canvas 103 x 156 cm
Milwaukee Art Museum, Wisconsin

1877 The Park at Yerres
oil on canvas 81 x 59 cm
Private Collection

1877 The nap
pastel 36 x 53 cm
Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, CT

1877 The House Painters
oil on canvas 87 x 116 cm
Private Collection

1877 Skiffs
oil on canvas 88.9 x 116.2 cm
National Gallery of At, Washington, DC

1877 Rue Halévy, view from a Balcony
oil on canvas 54 x 65.5 cm
Museum Barberini, Potsdam

1877 The Yerres Valley
pastel on paper laid down on board 58.1 x 72.4 cm

1877 The wall of the Kitchen Garden, Yerress
oil on canvas 27 x 41 cm
Private Collection

1877 The wall of the garden
pastel on paper 44 x 49 cm
Private Collection

1877 The Swimmer
 pastel on paper 69 x 88.5 cm
Musée d'Orsay, Paris


c1877-78 Part of a Boat
oil on canvas 89.5 x 116.7 cm
Musée d'Orsay, Paris

c1877 Skiff on the Yerres River
oil on canvas 65.7 x 81 cm
Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, CA

c1877 Portrait of a Young Woman in an Interior
oil on canvas 81 x 65.1 cm
Private Collection

c1877 Landscape near Yerres
oil on canvas 48 x 65 cm
Private Collection

1878 Bathers on the banks of the Yerres
oil on canvas 156.9 x 116.9 cm
Private Collection

1878 A Man docking his Skiff
oil on canvas 73.6 x 92.7 cm
Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, VA

1878 Rue Halévy, view from the sixth floor
oil on canvas 59.5 x 73 cm
Museum Barberini, Potsdam

1878 Rooftops under snow
oil on canvas 65 x 81 cm
Musée d'Orsay, Paris

1878 Portrait of Paul Hugot
oil on canvas 228.6 x 101.6 cm
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, UK

1878 Perissoires
oil on canvas 156 x 109 cm
Musee des Beaux-Arts, Rennes, France

1878 Fishing
oil on canvas 157 x 113 cm
Private Collection

c1878 Notre-Dame de Paris, view from the quays
oil on canvas 24 x 32.5 cm
Private Collection

c1878 Bather preparing to dive
oil on canvas 117 x 89 cm
Private Collection

c1878 Banks of the Yerres
oil on board 15 x 22 cm
Private Collection

1878 The Parc Monceau
oil on canvas (Dimesions not found)
Private Collection

1878 The artist's brother in his garden
oil on canvas
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, TX

c1878 The painter under his parasol
oil on canvas 80 x 65 cm
 Private Collection

c1879 Self-Portrait with a hat
graphite on off-white paper 49 x 31.5 cm
Art Institute of Chicago, IL

1879 Portrait of Jules Richemont
oil on canvas 100 x 81 cm
Private Collection

1879 Portrait of Georges Roman
oil on canvas 74.5 x 92.5 cm
Galerie Michael Haas, Berlin

1880 Balcony, Boulevard Haussmann
oil on canvas 69 x 62 cm
Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid

1880 At the coffee shop
oil on canvas 155 x 115 cm
Musee des Beaux-Arts Rouen, France







Wednesday, 12 March 2025

Gustave Caillebotte - part 1

Gustave Caillebotte Self-Portrait 1875-78
oil on canvas 64 x 48 cm
Private Collection

Although his closest artist friends were Monet and Renoir, the key advocates for loose brushwork and bright color, Caillebotte preferred the sort of conventional draftsmanship and unaffected urban subjects dear to their fellow Impressionist Degas. Like Degas, he limited himself to strictly subdued visual means, and On the Pont de l’Europe is virtually monochromatic, the pervasive blue tones corresponding in visual terms to the chilling cold in which the figures stand. The man on the left with his collar turned up and the principal figure, their backs turned toward each other, are dressed in identical fashion. The implication, perhaps, is that modern urban society appears no less regularized than modern engineering, with its mass-produced prefabricated parapets, girders, and rivets. For his composition, Caillebotte has adopted the geometric structure of the bridge, one pier of which bisects his picture vertically into two arched bays, these each subdivided by diagonal cross-bracing struts. The humanity of the figures resides in their freedom to escape the rigid symmetry.

The Pont de l’Europe overlooks the Saint-Lazare train station, which was famously portrayed by Monet in a dozen paintings made early in 1877 and included at the third Impressionist exhibition that year. It is at least possible that Caillebotte (who soon purchased three of Monet’s variations on the station theme) refrained from showing his masterful On the Pont de l’Europe at the same exhibition in order not to compete.

As well as being a painter himself, Caillebotte was the most important early patron of the Impressionists. They invited him to be in their second group exhibition in 1876, and later that year he wrote a will promising his controversial collection of works by the artists he championed to the French state. Today these works form the nucleus of the collection at the Musée d’Orsay, Paris.

Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas.


This is part 1 of a 5-part series on the works of Gustave Caillebotte:


c1870 Colonnade of the Casin
oil on canvas 43 x 30 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 Effect of light, the Yerres
oil on cardboard 28 x 49 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 Dark bay horse in the stable
oil on canvas 39 x 33 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 Camille Daurelle under an oak tree, Yerres
oil on cardboard 43 x 32 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 Part of the south façade of the casin, Yerres
oil on canvas 81 x 65 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 Meaux, effect of sunlight on the old Chapterhouse
oil on cardboard 37 x 49 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 Garlic cloves and knife on the corner of a table
oil on canvas 26 x 35 cm

c1871-78 Garden rose and blue Forget-Me-Nots in a vase
oil on canvas 34 x 26 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 Through the Grove, the ornamental farm, Yerres
oil on canvas 32 x 25 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 The lawn in the park, seen from a path, Yerress
oil on canvas 24 x 36 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 The Aviary in the Ornamental Farm, Yerres
oil on canvas (dimensions not found)
Private Collection

c1871-78 Path through the woods in the park, Yerres
oil on canvas 23 x 39 cm
Private Collection

c1871-78 Path through the old growth woods in the park, Yerres
oil on canvas 43 x 31 cm
Private Collection

c1871 Soldiers in the woods, Yerres
oil on canvas 40 x 30 cm
Private Collection

1872 A road near Naples
oil on canvas 40 x 60 cm
Private Collection

c1872-74 Interior of a Studio with Stove
oil on canvas 80 x 65 cm
Private Collection

c1872 Willows by the Yerres
oil on board 31 x 40 cm
Private Collection

c1873 Woman at a Dressing Table
oil on canvas 65 x 81 cm
Private Collection

1873 Naked Woman Lying on a Couch
 pastel on paper 88.9 x 116.2 cm
Private Collection

1874 Woman seated on the lawn
oil on canvas 42 x 31 cm
 Private Collection

c1874 Woman seated beneath a tree
oil on canvas 46 x 38 cm
Private Collection

c1874 The painter Morot in his studio
oil on canvas 45.7 x 55.2 cm
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, TX

c1874-78 Loaded haycart
oil on canvas 36 x 47 cm
Private Collection

c1874-78 Harvest, landscape with five haystacks
oil on cardboard (dimensions not found)
Private Collection

1875 The Yerres, effect of rain
oil on canvas 80.3 x 59.1 cm
Indiana University Art Museum, Bloomington, Indiana

1875 The park on the Caillebotte property at Yerres
oil on canvas 65 x 92 cm
Private Collection

1875 Parquet planers:

This painting is one of the first representations of the urban proletariat. While peasants ( Millet's Gleaners ) or rural workers ( Courbet's Stone Breakers ) have often been shown, city workers have very rarely been the subject of paintings. Unlike Courbet or Millet, Caillebotte, a well-off bourgeois, does not introduce any social, moralizing or political discourse into his work. The documentary study (gestures, tools, accessories) places him among the most experienced realists.

Musée d'Orsay, Paris


1875 Parquet planers
 oil on canvas 102 xx 147 cm
Musée d'Orsay, Paris

1875 A young man at his window: 

The painting depicts the artist's brother, René Caillebotte, wearing informal clothes and standing at a balcony. He is standing at a window from the family home in the Rue de Miromesnil in Paris, looking outwards into Boulevard Malesherbes (the large, oblique cross-street in the background). It is a comparatively early work in Caillebotte's oeuvre and reveals his interest in urban realism. 


1875 A young man at his window
 oil on canvas 117 x 82 cm
 J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

c1875 By the river, the effect of morning fog
oil on canvas 45.7 x 54.9 cm

c1875 Billiards
oil on canvas 60 x 81 cm
Private Collection

1875-77 The kitchen garden, Yerres
oil on canvas 60 x 73 cm
Private Collection

1875-77 The Gardeners
oil on canvas 90 x 117 cm
Private Collection

1876 Young man playing the piano
oil on canvas 81 x 116 cm
Bridgestone Museum of Art, Tokyo

1876 The floor scrapers
oil on canvas 80 x 100 cm
Private Collection

1876 Luncheon
oil on canvas 52 x 75 cm
 Private Collection

1876 Le Pont du Europe:

The image shows pedestrians in the Place du Europe in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. The plaza is a large bridge joining six avenues, each named for a European capital, over the railroad yards at Gare Saint-Lazare. The view is from the Rue de Vienne, looking towards the centre of the plaza. One of the bridge’s trusses is very prominent, visible in half of the image.


1876 Le Pont du Europe
oil on canvas 125 x 181 cm
Musée dy Petit Palais, Geneva

c1876 Garden at Yerres
oil on canvas 59 x 81 cm
Private Collection

1876-77 On the Pont de l’Europe
oil on canvas 105.7 x 130.8 cm
Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, TX

1876-77 Le Pont De L'Europe
oil on canvas 125 x 181 cm
Musée du Petit Palais, Geneva

1877 House painters
oil on canvas 89.3 x 116 cm
Musée d'Orsay, Paris

1877 Boaters on the Yerres
pastel 52 x 86 cm
Private Collection

1877 Bathers, banks of the Yerres
pastel  75 x 95 cm
Museum of Fine Arts of Agen, France