Wednesday 15 March 2023

Annibale Carracci - part 1

c1580 Self-Portrait
oil on canvas 45 x 35 cm
Private Collection

"Neither clean nor well-dressed, with his collar askew, his hat jammed on any old way and his unkempt beard, Annibale Carracci seemed to be like an ancient philosopher, absent-minded and alone," wrote an early biographer. A tailor's son, Carracci considered himself a craftsman, not a courtier, but the Romans buried him in the Pantheon beside Raphael.

Along with his older brother Agostino and his cousin Lodovico, Annibale founded the Accademia degli Incamminati (Academy of the Progressives) in Bologna, which focused on naturalism and rejected Mannerism. There they revived the practice of working from life, focusing on the craft of art rather than the elegant life of court painters. The Carracci were tireless observers. Scholars credit Annibale with teaching caricature and helping to revive the process of creating extensive preparatory drawings for paintings.

Between 1597 and 1601, Carracci worked on the gallery ceiling of the Palazzo Farnese in Rome, his most important legacy. Conceiving the ceiling as open to the sky, he painted its mythological love scenes as framed easel pictures within an illusionistic framework. After receiving a paltry five hundred lire for this extensive decoration, he suffered a breakdown. A prolific draftsman, Carracci derived his heroic figure style from antique sculpture and Michelangelo and Raphael's art, but he added a richness and buoyancy from his copious studies from life. He originated the "ideal landscape," with figures, buildings, and nature in perfect balance, a nature tamed and ennobled by man's presence.

J.Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles


This is part 1 of a 6-part series on the works of Annibale Carracci:



1550-1600 Portrait of a bearded man in profile
oil? on canvas 34 x 27 cm
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

1550-1600 Susanna and the Elders
etching (size not given)
National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia

1550-1600 Three Peasants
black chalk, pen and brown ink on paper 25.4 x 18.4 cm
Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, CA
© The Norton Simon Foundation 

1560-1609 Donkey laden with packs
ink on paper 17.6 x 13.5 cm 
© The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London

1560-1609 Hercules and Cacus
(attributed to Carracci, after Agostino Carracci)
pen and brown ink and watercolour on paper 38.4 x 25 cm 
© The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London

1560-1609 Holy Family with Saint Claire
etching 24.2 x 18.5 cm (plate) 
© The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London

1560-1609 Juno (study for the fresco in the Farnese Palace, Rome)
ink on paper 19.5 x 13.4 cm
© The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London

1560-1609 Landscape with figures
pen and brown ink, and chalk on paper 19.7 x 30.2 cm
© The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London

1560-1609 Portrait of a man
graphite and chalk on paper 25.5 x 19.2 cm
© The Samuel Courtauld Trust, The Courtauld Gallery, London

1565-85 Portrait of Giacomo Filippo Turrini
oil on canvas 88.5 x 66.8 cm
 Christ Church Picture Gallery, Oxford, UK

1567-1609 Saint Sebastian tied to a tree
(attributed to Carracci)
chalk and pen and ink on paper 28.7 x 18.1 cm
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

1570-1609 Kneeling Male Saint (attributed to Carracci)
pen and brush on paper 10.3 x 3.8 cm
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

1570-1609 Landscape (attributed to Carracci)
pen and ink on paper 16.8 x 19.8 cm
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

1570-1609 Nude study of a seated man
(attributed to Carracci)
chalk on paper 26.3 x 16.4 cm
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

1570-1609 Two winged men (attributed to Carracci)
pen and brush and ink 22.5 x 19.2 cm
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

1580-85 Young Painter Working
pen and brown ink, brown wash 27.1 x 20 cm
The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia

c1580-85 Portrait of Doctor Bossi
oil on canvas 116 x 89.5 cm
Louvre, Paris

c1580-89 Study of a Boy’s Head (attributed to Carracci)
red, black and white chalk, on paper toned with light brown wash: framing line in brown ink 13.5 x 11.4 cm
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

c1580-90 Portrait of an Ecclesiastic wearing a Biretta (attributed to Carracci)
red chalk heightened with white 31.6 x 22.4 cm
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC

1580-1600 Landscape with two seated figures in the foreground
ink on paper 26 x 28.8 cm
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

1580-1600 The Virgin seated holding a pillow on her lap with the young Christ
etching on paper 16.5 x 12.1 cm
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

c1580 A Boy Drinking
oil on canvas 75.5 x 64 cm
Christ Church, University of Oxford, UK

1583 Boy Drinking
oil on canvas 55.8 x 43.7 cm
Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio

early 1580s Self-Portrait
pen and brown ink (on paper) 13.5 x 10.8 cm
J.Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

early 1580s The Butcher's Shop
oil on canvas 59.7 x 71 cm
Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas

early 1580s The Butcher's Shop
oil on canvas 190 x 271 cm
Christ Church, University of Oxford, UK

1580s Portrait of an African Woman holding a Clock (attributed to Carracci)
oil on canvas 60 x 39.5 cm

1581 The Crucifixion
engraving on laid paper 48.7 x 24.7 cm
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC

1582 Head of a Woman
oil on canvas laid on canvas 42.8 x 29.5 cm
J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, CA

1582 Holy Family with Saints John the Baptist and Michael (After Lorenzo Sabatini)
engraving with plate tone 45.4 x 29.5 cm (plate)
Philadelphia Museum of Art, PA

1582-84 A Domestic Scene
pen and with brown and grey-black ink, brush with grey and brown wash, over black chalk 32.8 x 23.6 cm
 The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

c1582-84 Madonna and Child in the Clouds
(After Federico Barocci)
 engraving 24.8 x 17 cm (plate)
Philadelphia Museum of Art, PA

1583 The Crucifixion
oil on canvas 305 x 210 cm
Santa Maria della Carità, Bologna, Italy

1583-85 Saint Jerome
engraving on laid paper 9.5 x 8.8 cm (sheet)
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC

1583-85 Studies for a Figure of Saint Francis Kneeling
red chalk with white chalk highlights, pen and brown ink
33.6 x 28.8 cm
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

1583-85 The Dead Christ
oil on canvas 70.7 x 88.8 cm
Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, Stuttgart

c1583-87 Madonna Nursing the Christ Child
etching and engraving 8.8 x 6.5 cm
Philadelphia Museum of Art, PA

1584 The Baptism of Christ
oil on canvas 383 x 225 cm
San Gregorio, Bologna

1584-85 The Bean Eater
oil on wood panel 57 x 68 cm
Palazzo Colonna, Rome

1585 Portrait of Giacomo Filippo Turrini
oil on canvas 88.5 x 66.8 cm
Christ Church Picture Gallery, Oxford, UK


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