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| Self-portrait by Richard Parkes Bonington, 1847 (after a wash drawing by Bonington dated 1825-26 British Museum, London |
Richard Parkes Bonington was born in Arnold, near Nottingham in 1802, the only child of Richard Bonington and Eleanor Parks. Nothing is known of his schooling, but he is reputed to have been skilled at drawing from a young age and to have loved acting. In 1817, as a result of the social unrest affecting business following the introduction of the factory system into the Nottingham lace and hosiery industries, the Boningtons emigrated to France and set up a lace manufactory in Calais, moving to Paris the following year. Bonington learned the art of watercolour painting, his response to nature, and a taste for coastal scenes from Louis Francia, a native of Calais, who had worked for sixteen years in England; he studied in the atelier of Baron Gros at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris, from 1819 to 1822, where he was taught precision drawing.
In 1821 Bonington made an extended tour of Normandy in the company of a fellow student, Alexandre-Marie Colin, and exhibited at two Paris dealers watercolours that were admired by Corot, Delacroix, and Gros himself. He first exhibited at the Salon in 1822. Bonington toured Belgium in 1823 and spent much of 1824 at Dunkirk, exhibiting his first oils at the Salon that year. In 1825 he visited London, where he studied the Meyrick collection of armour together with Delacroix, whose studio he shared for several months on his return to France.
Bonington travelled in Italy for eleven weeks in 1826 with Baron Rivet, a wealthy patron whom he had met through Delacroix, spending a month in Venice where he worked with feverish energy. The rest of his short life was taken up with handling a mounting pressure of work, much it commissioned, in the face of increasing weakness induced by tuberculosis. At the end of 1827 he moved from his studio in the house of Jules-Robert Auguste, a wealthy collector of oriental costume and armor, to a larger one in the rue Saint Lazare. Bonington made visits to London to see his dealers in 1827 and 1828, exhibiting at the Royal Academy of Arts in both years and first showing his courtly history subjects there and and at the Salon in 1828. Obliged by ill health to cancel a summer sketching trip in Normandy with Paul Huet, he later returned to London and died there on 23 September 1828.
This is part 1 of a 6-part series on the works of Richard Parkes Bonington:
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| c1813-24 Boats near Shore of Normandy oil on canvas 33.5 x 46 cm The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg |
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| 1815-28 French Coast Scene oil on canvas 43.5 x 72.5 cm Wolverhampton Art Gallery, UK |
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| 1818-28 A Street Scene in Paris watercolour on paper 32 x 24.2 cm The Stirling Smith Art Gallery & Museum, UK |
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| 1818-28 Half-length portrait of a bearded man in historical dress brush and brown wash 28 x 23.3 cm Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |
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| 1818-28 Pays de Caux: Twilight oil on canvas 31.1 x 41 cm Manchester Art Gallery, UK |
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| 1828 Sunset in the Pays de Caux watercolour 200 x 260 cm The Wallace Collection, London |
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| 1818-28 View in Brittany: Bridge, Cottages and Washerwomen oil on panel 31.7 x 40.9 cm Manchester Art Gallery, UK |
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| c1818 The Wash House of Pont-Neuf watercolour and scraping on washed beige paper 29.4 x 46 cm Louvre, Paris |
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| c1819-20 Boat with Five Sailors on a slightly rough Sea watercolour over graphite 13.9 x 19 cm Louvre, Paris |
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| 1820 Mademoiselle Rose Nue, Vue de Dos black chalk and white chalk on moderately thick, slightly textured, cream laid paper 59.7 x 44.7 cm Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Fund |
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| 1820-28 A Coast Scene oil on canvas 16.5 x 21.7 cm The Stirling Smith Art Gallery & Museum, UK |
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| c1820-28 Théodore, Baron Gudin pencil and coloured chalks on buff paper 22.2 x 17.5 cm Royal Collection Trust, UK |
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| c1820 View of the Lagoon near Venice oil on cardboard 30 x 43 cm Louvre Museum, Paris |
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| c1820s Sunset: A Sketch oil on millboard 27.3 x 32.4 cm V&A, London |
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| 1821 Le Tréport seen from the direction of Eu watercolour, body-colour, ink, pencil & scratching out on paper 24 x 29 cm Gallery Oldham, UK |
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| 1821-22 View of Rouen from St. Catherine’s Hill watercolour and pen and brown ink over graphite 14.8 x 23 cm Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |
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| c1821-24 St Sauveur, Dives, Normandy pencil and watercolour on paper 32.3 x 38.3 cm National Museums Liverpool, UK |
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| c1821-24 St Sauveur, Dives, Normandy pencil on paper 26.2 x 33.6 cm National Museums Liverpool, UK |
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| 1821-28 French Town, Buildings and River watercolour on paper 18 x 14.2 cm Art Institute of Chicago, IL |
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| c1821 Scene from Sir Walter Scott's "Kenilworth" watercolour on cream wove paper 9.6 x 7.4 cm © Royal Academy of Arts, London |
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| 1822-28 Castle on a Scottish Loch oil on paper 16.5 x 24.1 cm Perth & Kinross Council, UK |
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| c1822 Fishing boats at low tide, Dunkirk pencil and watercolour 17.3 x 24.2 cm Royal Collection Trust, UK |
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| c1822 Fishing Boats pencil and watercolour on paper 16.7 x 26.5 cm The Wallace Collection, London |
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| 1823 Boulogne Harbour (attributed to) watercolour with brown wash over graphite on medium, cream, moderately textured wove paper 18.7 x 26.4 cm Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Collection |
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| 1823-24 Boats near the Shore of Normandy oil on canvas 34 x 46 cm The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg |
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| 1823-24 The Normandy Coast oil on canvas 45 x 38 cm Louvre Palace, Paris |
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| c1823-24 Scene on the French Coast sepia wash over graphite pencil on paper 8 x 20.5 cm Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA |
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| c1823-24 Seapiece: Off the French Coast oil on canvas 37.7 x 52 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC |
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| 1823-25 Le Château de la Duchesse de Berry oil on canvas 37.5 x 52 cm Nottingham City Museums & Galleries, UK |
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| c1823 Near Honfleur watercolour and graphite on medium, moderately textured, cream wove paper 20.6 x 27 cm Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Collection |
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| c1823 Saint-Wulfran Church in Abbeville graphite, heightened with white 24 x 18 cm Louvre, Paris |
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| c1823 Scene in Normandy oil on canvas 33 x 44 cm Tate Britain, London |
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| c1823c The Church of St. Wulfran, Abbeville: The North Door of the West Front graphite and white gouache on thin, grey, smooth wove paper 40.3 x 25.1 cm Yale Centre for British Art |
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| 1824 A Fish Market near Boulogne oil on canvas 82.2 x 122.6 cm Yale Centre for British Art |
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| 1824 A River Scene in Picardy, France oil on canvas 42.5 x 54 cm National Trust, Knightshayes Court, UK |
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| 1824 Boats in a Harbour brush and brown wash, over graphite, on cream wove paper 14.3 x 22.2 cm Art Institute of Chicago, IL |
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| 1824 Calais Jetty, France oil on panel 29.8 x 35.2 cm Yale Centre for British Art |
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| 1824 Eglise de Saint-Gervais et Saint-Portais, Gisors lithograph Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA |
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| 1824 Eglise de Saint-Taurin, Evreux lithograph National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC |
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| 1824 Le Matin. lithograph National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC |
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| 1824 Low Tide at Boulogne oil on canvas? National Gallery of Victoria, Australia 1824 Remains and fragments of the architecture of the Middle Ages: |
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| n.d. Bergues - La Tour du March lithograph 24.5 x 14 cm Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Fund |
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| 1824 Lillebonne - Chateau d'Harcourt lithograph 25.3 x 17.3 cm Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Fund |
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| 1824 Caen - Eglise Saint-Sauveur lithograph with yellow tint on moderately thick, smooth, cream wove paper 26.6 x 20 cm (image) Yale Centre for British Art |
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| 1824 Title page to Restes et Fragments lithograph 21 x 15.9 cm Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Fund |
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| 1824 Rouen: Entrée de la Salle des Pas Perdus, Palais du Justice lithograph The Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio |
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| 1824-25 A River in Normandy oil on canvas 22.8 x 30.4 cm Dallas Museum of Art, TX |
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| 1824-25 Near Quillebeuf oil on canvas 42.5 x 53.3 cm Yale Centre for British Art |
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| c1824 A Distant View of St-Omer oil on canvas 31.4 x 43.8 cm Tate, London |
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| c1824 A Sea Piece oil on canvas 54.9 x 84.5 cm The Wallace Collection, London |
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| c1824 Calais Jetty, France oil on panel 29.8 x 35.2 cm Yale Centre for British Art |
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| c1824 Cathedral of Notre Dame and Market Place at Caudebec-en-Caux oil on canvas 93.9 x 119.3 cm Harvard Art Museums - Fogg Museum, Bequest of Grenville L. Winthrop |
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| c1824 Fisherfolk on the Coast of Normandy, France (attributed to) oil on canvas 66 x 99 cm Nottingham City Museums & Galleries, UK |
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