Wednesday 9 March 2022

Richard Parkes Bonington - part 1

Self-portrait by Richard Parkes Bonington, 1847
(after a wash drawing by Bonington dated 1825-26
British Museum, London

Richard Parkes Bonington was born in Arnold, near Nottingham in 1802, the only child of Richard Bonington and Eleanor Parks. Nothing is known of his schooling, but he is reputed to have been skilled at drawing from a young age and to have loved acting. In 1817, as a result of the social unrest affecting business following the introduction of the factory system into the Nottingham lace and hosiery industries, the Boningtons emigrated to France and set up a lace manufactory in Calais, moving to Paris the following year. Bonington learned the art of watercolour painting, his response to nature, and a taste for coastal scenes from Louis Francia, a native of Calais, who had worked for sixteen years in England; he studied in the atelier of Baron Gros at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris, from 1819 to 1822, where he was taught precision drawing.

In 1821 Bonington made an extended tour of Normandy in the company of a fellow student, Alexandre-Marie Colin, and exhibited at two Paris dealers watercolours that were admired by Corot, Delacroix, and Gros himself. He first exhibited at the Salon in 1822. Bonington toured Belgium in 1823 and spent much of 1824 at Dunkirk, exhibiting his first oils at the Salon that year. In 1825 he visited London, where he studied the Meyrick collection of armour together with Delacroix, whose studio he shared for several months on his return to France.

Bonington travelled in Italy for eleven weeks in 1826 with Baron Rivet, a wealthy patron whom he had met through Delacroix, spending a month in Venice where he worked with feverish energy. The rest of his short life was taken up with handling a mounting pressure of work, much it commissioned, in the face of increasing weakness induced by tuberculosis. At the end of 1827 he moved from his studio in the house of Jules-Robert Auguste, a wealthy collector of oriental costume and armor, to a larger one in the rue Saint Lazare. Bonington made visits to London to see his dealers in 1827 and 1828, exhibiting at the Royal Academy of Arts in both years and first showing his courtly history subjects there and and at the Salon in 1828. Obliged by ill health to cancel a summer sketching trip in Normandy with Paul Huet, he later returned to London and died there on 23 September 1828.

This is part 1 of a 6-part series on the works of Richard Parkes Bonington:


c1813-24 Boats near Shore of Normandy
oil on canvas 33.5 x 46 cm
The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg

1815-28 French Coast Scene
oil on canvas 43.5 x 72.5 cm
Wolverhampton Art Gallery, UK

1818-28 A Street Scene in Paris
watercolour on paper 32 x 24.2 cm
The Stirling Smith Art Gallery & Museum, UK

1818-28 Half-length portrait of a bearded man in historical dress
brush and brown wash 28 x 23.3 cm
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

1818-28 Pays de Caux: Twilight
oil on canvas 31.1 x 41 cm
Manchester Art Gallery, UK

1828 Sunset in the Pays de Caux
watercolour 200 x 260 cm
The Wallace Collection, London

1818-28 View in Brittany: Bridge, Cottages and Washerwomen
oil on panel 31.7 x 40.9 cm
Manchester Art Gallery, UK

c1818 The Wash House of Pont-Neuf
watercolour and scraping on washed beige paper
 29.4 x 46 cm
Louvre, Paris

c1819-20  Boat with Five Sailors on a slightly rough Sea
watercolour over graphite 13.9 x 19 cm
Louvre, Paris

1820 Mademoiselle Rose Nue, Vue de Dos
black chalk and white chalk on moderately thick, slightly textured, cream laid paper 59.7 x 44.7 cm
Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Fund

1820-28 A Coast Scene
oil on canvas 16.5 x 21.7 cm
The Stirling Smith Art Gallery & Museum, UK

c1820-28 Théodore, Baron Gudin
pencil and coloured chalks on buff paper 22.2 x 17.5 cm
Royal Collection Trust, UK

c1820 View of the Lagoon near Venice
oil on cardboard 30 x 43 cm
Louvre Museum, Paris

c1820s Sunset: A Sketch
oil on millboard 27.3 x 32.4 cm
V&A, London

1821 Le Tréport seen from the direction of Eu
watercolour, body-colour, ink, pencil & scratching out on paper 24 x 29 cm
Gallery Oldham, UK

1821-22 View of Rouen from St. Catherine’s Hill
watercolour and pen and brown ink over graphite
 14.8 x 23 cm
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

c1821-24 St Sauveur, Dives, Normandy
pencil and watercolour on paper 32.3 x 38.3 cm
National Museums Liverpool, UK

c1821-24 St Sauveur, Dives, Normandy
pencil on paper 26.2 x 33.6 cm
National Museums Liverpool, UK

1821-28 French Town, Buildings and River
watercolour on paper 18 x 14.2 cm
Art Institute of Chicago, IL

c1821 Scene from Sir Walter Scott's "Kenilworth"
watercolour on cream wove paper 9.6 x 7.4 cm 
© Royal Academy of Arts, London

1822-28 Castle on a Scottish Loch
oil on paper 16.5 x 24.1 cm
Perth & Kinross Council, UK

c1822 Fishing boats at low tide, Dunkirk
pencil and watercolour 17.3 x 24.2 cm
Royal Collection Trust, UK

c1822 Fishing Boats
pencil and watercolour on paper 16.7 x 26.5 cm
The Wallace Collection, London

1823 Boulogne Harbour (attributed to)
watercolour with brown wash over graphite on medium, cream, moderately textured wove paper 18.7 x 26.4 cm
Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Collection

1823-24 Boats near the Shore of Normandy
oil on canvas 34 x 46 cm
The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg

1823-24 The Normandy Coast
oil on canvas 45 x 38 cm
Louvre Palace, Paris

c1823-24 Scene on the French Coast
sepia wash over graphite pencil on paper 8 x 20.5 cm
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA

c1823-24 Seapiece: Off the French Coast
oil on canvas 37.7 x 52 cm
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC

1823-25 Le Château de la Duchesse de Berry
oil on canvas 37.5 x 52 cm
Nottingham City Museums & Galleries, UK

c1823 Near Honfleur
watercolour and graphite on medium, moderately textured, cream wove paper 20.6 x 27 cm
Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Collection

c1823 Saint-Wulfran Church in Abbeville
graphite, heightened with white 24 x 18 cm
Louvre, Paris

c1823 Scene in Normandy
oil on canvas 33 x 44 cm
Tate Britain, London

c1823c The Church of St. Wulfran, Abbeville: The North Door of the West Front
graphite and white gouache on thin, grey, smooth wove paper 40.3 x 25.1 cm
Yale Centre for British Art

1824 A Fish Market near Boulogne
oil on canvas 82.2 x 122.6 cm
Yale Centre for British Art

1824 A River Scene in Picardy, France
oil on canvas 42.5 x 54 cm
National Trust, Knightshayes Court, UK

1824 Boats in a Harbour
brush and brown wash, over graphite, on cream wove paper 14.3 x 22.2 cm
Art Institute of Chicago, IL

1824 Calais Jetty, France
oil on panel 29.8 x 35.2 cm
Yale Centre for British Art

1824 Eglise de Saint-Gervais et Saint-Portais, Gisors
lithograph
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA

1824 Eglise de Saint-Taurin, Evreux
lithograph 
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC

1824 Le Matin.
 lithograph 
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC

1824 Low Tide at Boulogne
oil on canvas?
National Gallery of Victoria, Australia


1824 Remains and fragments of the architecture of the Middle Ages:


n.d. Bergues - La Tour du March
lithograph 24.5 x 14 cm
Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Fund

1824 Lillebonne - Chateau d'Harcourt
lithograph 25.3 x 17.3 cm
Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Fund

1824 Caen - Eglise Saint-Sauveur 
lithograph with yellow tint on moderately thick, smooth, cream wove paper 26.6 x 20 cm (image)
Yale Centre for British Art

1824 Title page to Restes et Fragments
lithograph 21 x 15.9 cm
Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Fund

1824 Rouen: Entrée de la Salle des Pas Perdus, Palais du Justice
lithograph
The Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio


1824-25 A River in Normandy
oil on canvas 22.8 x 30.4 cm
Dallas Museum of Art, TX

1824-25 Near Quillebeuf
oil on canvas 42.5 x 53.3 cm
Yale Centre for British Art

c1824 A Distant View of St-Omer
oil on canvas 31.4 x 43.8 cm
Tate, London

c1824 A Sea Piece
oil on canvas 54.9 x 84.5 cm
The Wallace Collection, London

c1824 Calais Jetty, France
oil on panel 29.8 x 35.2 cm
Yale Centre for British Art

c1824 Cathedral of Notre Dame and Market Place at Caudebec-en-Caux
oil on canvas 93.9 x 119.3 cm
Harvard Art Museums - Fogg Museum, Bequest of Grenville L. Winthrop

c1824 Fisherfolk on the Coast of Normandy, France (attributed to)
oil on canvas 66 x 99 cm
Nottingham City Museums & Galleries, UK


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