Wednesday, 11 December 2024

Michelangelo - Part 4

Portrait of Michelangelo c1550-5
 leadpoint and black chalk with traces of white heightening
on paper
© Teylers Museum, Haarlem

Painter, on panel and in fresco, sculptor and architect, writer of sonnets, Michelangelo Buonarroti was the first artist recognised by contemporaries as a genius. Hero of the High Renaissance. He was the only artist of whom it was claimed in his lifetime that he surpassed Antiquity.

 He was born in Caprese in the 1470s and trained first as a painter with Ghirlandaio, and then as a sculptor under the patronage of Lorenzo de’ Medici. In 1496, already known as sculptor, he went to Rome, where he carved the 'Pietà' for St Peter's.

Back in Florence in 1501 he began work on many sculptural and painterly projects most of which were left unfinished in 1505, when he was summoned to Rome to begin work on a sculpted tomb for Pope Julius II, a project that dogged him until 1545. From 1508 to 1512 he painted the vault of the Sistine Chapel with scenes from the Old Testament, from the Creation to the Story of Noah. Immediately celebrated, the Sistine Chapel ceiling, with its innumerable figures in complex, twisting poses and its exuberant use of colour, is the chief source of the Mannerist style.

The National Gallery, London

This is part 4 of a 4-part series on the works of Michelangelo:

(Inconsistencies with the caption fonts is an ongoing glitch in the blogger software)


1536 A naked man
black chalk on paper 25.9 x 16.8 cm
The Museum Casa Buonarroti, Florence

1538 Madonna del Silenzio
sanguine on paper 21.7 x 16.5 cm 
 Portland Collection, Welbeck Abbey, UK

1538-41 Christ on the Cross, flanked by two lamenting angels, a skull at the base
black chalk 36.8 x 26.8 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1540 The Holy Family with Saint John the Baptist
brown brush wash on poplar wood panel
62 x 49.5 cm
Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology, Oxford. UK


1540 Study for a man rising from the tomb
black chalk 23.3 x 29.3 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1542-46 Architectural study
pen & brown ink on paper 28.2 x 20.8 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1542-47 The Virgin Annunciate
black chalk on paper 34.5 x 22.3 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1542-50 The Holy Women at the foot of the Cross
drawing  21 x 14 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1543 Portrait of a woman
chalk on paper 21.2 x 14.2 cm
The Royal Collection, Windsor, UK

1546 Children Carrying a Deer to a Caldron
engraving by Enea Vico (Italy)
28.6 x 41.3 cm (plate)
Detroit Institute of Arts, MI

1547-61 Section through the Dome of Saint Peter’s Basilica with Alternative Designs for the Lantern; Figure Sketches
black chalk, lead-point, and stylus on paper 
© Teylers Museum, Haarlem

1547 The Annunciation
black chalk on paper
28.1 x 19.5 cm
Casa Buonarroti, Florence

1550-53 The Epifania
black chalk, rubbed in places
232.7 x 165.5 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1550-64 The Virgin and Christ Child
black chalk 26.5 x 11.7 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

c1550 The Brazen Serpent
print 37.2 cm (wide)
Royal Academy of Arts, London

c1550 Study for figure of Christ
black chalk on paper
26.7 x 16.5 cm
The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, UK

1555-60 Two studies of a naked man caught in an upward movement
black and blood stone
14.5 x 5.3 cm
Louvre, Paris

1555-60 A nude man in violent motion
black chalk 10.1 x 6 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

c1555-64 Christ on the Cross between the Virgin and St John
black chalk and white lead
41.2 x 28.5 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1559-1564 Design for an Equestrian Statue of Henry II of France
chalk on paper 13 x 12 cm
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

c1555-64 Christ on the Cross between the Virgin and St John
black chalk & white lead
41 x 27.8 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

c1560 Male Nude
black chalk on laid paper
23.4 x 10 cm
The Armand Hammer Collection
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC


c1560 Male Nude
black chalk on laid paper
23.4 x 10 cm
The Armand Hammer Collection
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC

Archers Shooting at a Herm, Triumph of Bacchus, and Other Studies
pen and brown ink, and brush and grey and brown wash, on tan laid paper
37.5 x 27.4 cm
Art Institute of Chicago, IL

Head of a Bearded Man black
chalk, with some incising, on cream antique laid paper
15.7 x 9.4 cm
Harvard Art Museums Photo
© President and Fellows of Harvard College

Profile Head of a Young Man (attributed to Michelangelo)
red chalk on cream antique laid paper 13.6 x 10 cm
Harvard Art Museums Photo
© President and Fellows of Harvard College

Study of a nude woman, back view
pen and brown ink on beige paper
37.8 x 20.9 cm
Louvre, Paris

Study for the ignudo on the left of the figure of Isaiah in the Sistine Chapel
black stone 30.8 x 20.6 cm
Louvre, Paris

Studies for the Battle of Cascine
black stone, stylus, traces of 
sanguine
26.7 x 15.3 cm
Louvre, Paris

Sketches of figures, naked man, right arm turned behind his back
 sanguine
 35 x 15 cm
Louvre, Paris

Two Nudes Fighting
pen and brown ink on laid paper 7.9 x 4.1 cm
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC

Three men carrying a body on their shoulders;
study for a Deposition?
sanguine 29.2 x 17.9 cm
Louvre, Paris

Monday, 9 December 2024

Michelangelo - Part 3

Portrait of Michelangelo by Giulio Bonasone
line engraving 23.6 x 16.5 cm

Painter, on panel and in fresco, sculptor and architect, writer of sonnets, Michelangelo Buonarroti was the first artist recognised by contemporaries as a genius. Hero of the High Renaissance. He was the only artist of whom it was claimed in his lifetime that he surpassed Antiquity.

He was born in Caprese in the 1470s and trained first as a painter with Ghirlandaio, and then as a sculptor under the patronage of Lorenzo de’ Medici. In 1496, already known as sculptor, he went to Rome, where he carved the 'Pietà' for St Peter's.

Back in Florence in 1501 he began work on many sculptural and painterly projects most of which were left unfinished in 1505, when he was summoned to Rome to begin work on a sculpted tomb for Pope Julius II, a project that dogged him until 1545. From 1508 to 1512 he painted the vault of the Sistine Chapel with scenes from the Old Testament, from the Creation to the Story of Noah. Immediately celebrated, the Sistine Chapel ceiling, with its innumerable figures in complex, twisting poses and its exuberant use of colour, is the chief source of the Mannerist style.

The National Gallery, London

This is part 3 of a 4-part series on the works of Michelangelo:


Michelangelo’s interest in anatomy did not extend to the organs but focused on the muscles and bones. His surviving anatomical drawings, like the ones exhibited here, attest to his thorough understanding of certain muscles, especially those of the limbs. The dissections enabled Michelangelo to grasp how the surface and contour of the body change when one moves. This knowledge was crucial for the creation of his renowned heroic nudes.


1515-20 Four Studies of a Left Leg
red chalk, retraced with pen and brown ink
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

c1516 Christ before Pilate
red chalk, pen and brown ink with brown ink framing lines
21.1 x 28.2 cm
The Courtauld Gallery, London. Photo © The Courtauld

1516 Lazarus raised from the dead
red chalk 25 x 18.3 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1516 Christ at the Column
black chalk, with some stumping, over stylus underdrawing 27.4 x 14.3 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

c1518 Model for the Facade of San Lorenzo
wood 216 x 283 cm
Casa Buonarroti, Florence

1519-23 Two studies of a male torso in profile to right
black chalk 22.5 x 16.5 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1520-34 The tomb of Giulano de' Medici
Medici Chapel, San Lorenzo, Florence

1521-24 The Three Crosses
red chalk and wash 39.3 x 28 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1521 Two Ideas for an Oil Lamp
black chalk on beige antique laid paper 15.6 x 15.4 cm
Harvard Art Museums
Photo © President and Fellows of Harvard College

1523-24 Three studies of a left arm and shoulder, seen from the back
black chalk 162 x 264 cm
Teylers Museum, Haarlem

c1524 Study of a naked man, standing
black stone, on red chalk lines, traces of incision with a stylus
38.5 x 44 cm
Louvre, Paris

1524 Study for one of the Medici tombs, in San Lorenzo
details not found

1524 Study for one of the Medici tombs, in San Lorenzo
details not found

1524 Study for one of the Medici tombs, in San Lorenzo
32 x 20 cm
Louvre, Paris

1524 Madonna and child chalk & writing ink on paper
54.1 x 39.6 cm
The Museum Casa Buonarroti, Florence

1524-26 Four grotesque heads; two wrestling figures; Hercules and Antaeus
black & red chalk gone over with a sharp stylus
25.4 x 34.8 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1525 A girl seated in profile to left, holding a spindle
black and red chalk 28.6 x 18.2 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1525-28 Ideal head of a woman
red chalk 28 x 22.8 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

c1525 Half-length figure of a woman
pen and brown ink, over black and red chalk
32 x 25.6 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

c1525-30 The stoning of Saint Stephen
black chalk, traces of silverpoint
25.4 x 35.8 cm
Museums Bruges, Belgium

c1525-30 The stoning of Saint Stephen
detail

Portrait of Andrea Quaratesi

This portrait in black chalk represents Andrea Quaratesi (1512-1585), a young Florentine noble whose friendship with Michelangelo, from whom he took drawing classes, is documented in letters. Michelangelo undertook portraits unwillingly and then probably only at the subject's insistence. Quaratesi's gaze directly engages that of the viewer and his dress is rendered with a close eye for detail, seen, for example, in the buttons of the shirt worn beneath the tunic.


1530 Portrait of Andrea Quaratesi
black chalk 41 x 29 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1530-34c Crouching Boy
marble 54 cm high
The State Hermitage Museum, Russia

1530-34 Four Studies, including two for a crucified figure
black chalk
Teylers Museum, Haarlem


The Lamentation over the Dead Christ

Michelangelo`s emotive drawing in black chalk of the Virgin and onlookers lamenting the dead body of Christ was of such fame in the nineteenth century as to be known as the `Warwick Pietà` after the Earl of Warwick to whom the sheet belonged until acquired by the BM in 1896. The composition of six figures forms a compact triangle. There are many re-drawings and corrections, seen especially in the contours of Christ`s body. Christ`s sunken diaphragm, the consequence of his crucifixion, is drawn in a meticulously stippled technique whereby the shaved point of the chalk is employed to model form point by point - a contrast to the thickened and jagged outline of Christ`s chest and abdomen against the Virgin. Christ`s right hand appears to grasp the Virgin`s right shoulder as if still in the throes of death.


1530-35 The Lamentation over the Dead Christ
red chalk; corrections in black chalk 28.1 x 26.8 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

c1530 Two Wrestlers
terracotta 41 cm high
Casa Buonarroti, Florence

c1530 The Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist
black and red chalk with pen and brown ink over stylus
27.9 x 39.4 cm
The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

c1530 Archers Shooting at a Herm
(from hérmata, meaning 'blocks of stone')
red chalk (two shades) 21.9 x 32.3
 Royal Collection Trust, UK

c1530 A left arm and shoulder study on paper
16 x 13.4 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London


1532-33 The Virgin and Christ Child with the Infant St John
black chalk 31.4 x 19.9 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

1532-33 Christ risen
black chalk on paper 41.2 x 27.2 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London

c1533 The Dream
black chalk on laid paper 39.8 x 28.1 cm
The Courtauld Gallery, London
Photo © The Courtauld 

c1533-34 Head of Cleopatra
black chalk on paper
Casa Buonarroti, Florence


1534-41 The Holy Family with the Infant St. John
black chalk 31.4 x 18.9 cm
© The Trustees of the British Museum, London