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| Portrait of Hieronymus Bosch by David Kandel, German School © RMN-Grand Palais (Louvre Museum) - Thierry Le Mage |
Hieronymus Bosch was born in the town of 's Hertogenbosch near Antwerp, from which he took his name. He was the son of a painter. He is famous for the fantastic and disturbing detail of his panel pictures. In his mature works Bosch developed an original and often macabre language of visual symbolism, sometimes a literal translation of verbal metaphors found in the Bible.
Bosch appears to have spent the majority of his life in 's-Hertogenbosch (Bois-le-Duc), although his family probably came from Aachen in Germany. His chronology is uncertain, but the Gallery's ‘Christ Mocked’ is probably an early work, one of many representing episodes of the Passion of Christ. Bosch's most famous work is perhaps 'The Garden of Earthly Delights' at the Prado, Madrid. In the 17th century Van Mander wrote
'Who will be able to tell of all the weird and strange ideas which were in the mind of Jeronimus Bos, and his expressions of them by his brush? He painted gruesome Pictures.’ Bosch's work particularly influenced Bruegel in the 16th century. His paintings were collected by Philip II of Spain, and in the 20th century were cited by the Surrealists as precursors of their own visions.
This is part 1 of a 3-part series on the works of Hieronymus Bosch:
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| before 1467 Instruments of the Passion of Christ by workshop of Bosch oil on wood panel 15.6 x 68.2 cm Museum of Fine Arts, Boston |
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| Instruments of the Passion of Christ detail |
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| 1467 Instruments of the Passion of Christ detail |
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| 1475-80 The Extraction of the Stone of Madness oil on wood panel 48 x 35 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid |
c1475 The Adoration of the Magi
This tranquil scene, with its tunnelling perspective and sensitively rendered faces, is characteristic of Bosch’s works before he made his more famous scenes of hell. The stage-like setting, with a curtain held aloft by angels, may indicate the influence of religious plays performed in Bosch’s hometown of 's Hertogenbosch. By the late fifteenth century, the three Magi were clearly differentiated to represent their varied regional origins. The Black king is prominently featured and elaborately attired, with a crowned, feathered fez and gold collar and belt with hanging Turkish curved sword and jewelled hand shield.
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| c1475 The Adoration of the Magi oil and gold on oak panel 71.1 x 56.5 cm The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |
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| 1482-86 Visions of the Hereafter oil on wood panels Gallerie Accademia, Venice (see details below) |
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| 1482-86 Visions of the Hereafter detail |
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| 1482-86 Visions of the Hereafter detail |
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| 1482-86 Visions of the Hereafter detail |
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| 1482-86 Visions of the Hereafter detail |
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| c1485-90 Death and the Miser oil on panel 93 x 31 cm National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. |
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| n.d. Death and the Miser © Louvre Museum, dist. RMN-Grand Palais |
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| c1489 Saint John the Baptist in the Wilderness oil on panel 48 x 40 cm Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid |
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| 1490-95 Saint Jerome in Prayer oil on wood panel 80 x 60.7 cm Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent, Belgium |
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| 1490-95 Saint Jerome in Prayer detail |
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| 1490-95 Saint Jerome in Prayer detail |
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| 1490-1500 Saint Cristopher carrying the Christ Child oil on panel 112.7 x 71.8 cm Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid |
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| 1490-1500 The Ship of Fools oil on panel 58.1 x 32.8 cm Museo Nacional del Prado, Milan |
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| 1490-1500 The Ship of Fools © Louvre Museum, dist. RMN-Grand Palais |
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| The Garden of Earthly Delights Museo del Prado, Madrid exterior panels |
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| The Garden of Earthly Delights triptych oil on oak panels, 205.5 cm × 384.9 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid |
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| The Garden of Eden |
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| Ecclesia's Paradise |
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| Ecclesia's Paradise detail |
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| Ecclesia's Paradise detail |
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| Ecclesia's Paradise detail |
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| Ecclesia's Paradise detail |
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| Ecclesia's Paradise detail |
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| Ecclesia's Paradise detail |
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| Hell |
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| Hell detail |
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| Hell detail |
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| Hell detail |
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| Hell detail |
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| 1493 Hermit Saints triptych oil on oak panels Gallerie dell’Accademia, Venice St. Anthony (left) 85.4 x 29.2 cm St. Jerome (middle) 85.7 x 60 cm St. Giles (right) 85.7 x 28.9 cm |
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| 1493 Hermit Saints left panel |
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| 1493 Hermit Saints middle panel |
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| 1493 Hermit Saints right panel |
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| c1495-1500 An Allegory of Intemperance oil on wood panel 34.9 x 31.4 cm Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, CT |
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| c1495-1500 An Allegory of Intemperance detail |
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| c1495-1500 An Allegory of Intemperance detail |
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| c1495 The Adoration of the Magi triptych oil on panel 138 x 38cm Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid |
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| c1495 The Adoration of the Magi detail |
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| c1495 The Adoration of the Magi detail |
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| c1495 The Adoration of the Magi detail |
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